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Bootloaders

Introduction

Bootloaders are the first code executed during system startup, responsible for loading an OS or initializing firmware. In low-level reversing or CTF tasks, bootloaders may contain custom routines, hidden data, or password checks embedded in assembly.

Quick Reference

  • Run a bootloader in QEMU:
qemu-system-i386 -drive file=bootloader.bin,format=raw
  • Launch QEMU for debugging:
qemu-system-i386 -drive file=bootloader.bin,format=raw -s -S
  • Attach GDB to debug session:
gdb
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234

Tools

Tool Purpose
QEMU Full-system emulator for running bootloaders or firmware images
GDB Debugger for symbol inspection and step-debugging